GLP-2 (TZ)
GLP‑1 / GIP Dual Agonist
Also referenced as: Tirzepatide · LY3298176 · Dual GIP / GLP-1 Receptor Agonist · Twincretin
≥99% Release Requirement
Full Panel COA
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Lab Results
| Test | Result | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Purity | – | Pending |
| Quantitation (Avg) | – | Pending |
| Heavy Metals (ICP-MS) | – | Pending |
| Endotoxin (USP <85>) | – | Pending |
| Rapid Microbial Screen | – | Pending |
| Multi Vial Tested | – | Pending |
Curated research on GLP-2 (TZ)
Coskun T (2018). LY3298176, a novel dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: From discovery to clinical proof of concept Mol Metab.
PMID: 30473097 →Willard FS (2020). Tirzepatide is an imbalanced and biased dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist JCI Insight.
PMID: 32730231 →Frías JP (2021). Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide Once Weekly in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes N Engl J Med.
PMID: 34170647 →Jastreboff AM (2022). Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity N Engl J Med.
PMID: 35658024 →
About GLP-2 (TZ)
A synthetic dual receptor agonist investigated in preclinical research for its concurrent activity at the GIP and GLP-1 receptors. GLP-2 (TZ) is among the most extensively studied incretin research compounds in current literature, with published data examining receptor binding kinetics, downstream signaling bias, and glucose-insulin axis mechanisms at the cellular level.
LY3298176 is a 39-amino-acid fatty-acid-modified peptide built on a native GIP sequence backbone. Preclinical data examines comparative receptor engagement versus selective GLP-1 receptor agonists in cell lines expressing recombinant and endogenous incretin receptors, glucose-dependent insulin secretion in cellular models, and energy-balance endpoints in rodent research. Its extended exposure profile is conferred by a C20 fatty diacid conjugate that mediates albumin binding in research models.
Also Referenced As
Tirzepatide · LY3298176 · Dual GIP / GLP-1 Receptor Agonist · Twincretin
Sourced through an established North American supply partner that conducts onsite manufacturer reviews against documented cGMP practices and applicable ISO quality criteria. Virtus Peptides tracks the factory batch number on every lot and catalogues it against independent lab testing, with a final Certificate of Analysis from ILS Laboratories. We pay more to source this way because we hold ourselves to a rigorous, documented standard for the product and for you.
Specifications
- Scientific Name
- GLP-2 (TZ): Dual GIP and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
- CAS Number
- 2023788-19-2
- Molecular Formula
- C₂₂₅H₃₄₈N₄₈O₆₈
- Molecular Weight
- 4,813.5 g/mol
- Physical Form
- Lyophilized powder
- Purity
- Coming Soon
- Storage
- −20°C, protected from light, avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles
Storage & Handling
Store per the product label and available manufacturer handling documentation, and follow standard laboratory protocols for handling.
Storage
Store the lyophilized powder at −20°C in a standard laboratory freezer, protected from light, moisture, and heat. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Shelf Life
Per the manufacturer, the lyophilized powder remains stable for 12–24 months when stored frozen in its original sealed vial. Our release testing verifies identity, purity, content, and the contaminant panels and does not itself establish shelf life.
Mechanism & Research Background
GLP-2 (TZ) (LY3298176) is a 39-amino-acid synthetic peptide engineered as a dual receptor agonist with concurrent activity at the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). The backbone is derived from the native GIP sequence and carries α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) substitutions at positions 2 and 13, with the position-2 substitution characterized in the literature as conferring resistance to enzymatic cleavage by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). A C20 fatty diacid is conjugated at lysine-20 (Coskun et al., Mol Metab, 2018), attached through a γ-glutamic acid linker and two 8-amino-3,6-dioxaoctanoic acid (AEEA) spacer units as recorded in the published structure, a design that mediates albumin binding and extends the compound's plasma exposure profile relative to the unmodified peptide.
In comparative receptor pharmacology, GLP-2 (TZ) does not engage its two target receptors symmetrically. Willard et al. (JCI Insight, 2020) characterized the compound as an imbalanced and biased dual agonist: it binds GIPR with affinity comparable to native GIP while engaging GLP-1R with lower relative affinity than native GLP-1, and at GLP-1R it favors cAMP generation over β-arrestin recruitment. That signaling bias has been examined in cellular models for its bearing on receptor internalization and desensitization under chronic exposure. The dual GIPR/GLP-1R profile is the structural feature that separates it from GLP-1-only scaffolds and from triple-receptor compounds such as GLP-3 (RT), which adds glucagon-receptor engagement.
Research in cell and animal models has characterized glucose-dependent insulin secretion through both incretin receptors, glucose-tolerance endpoints, and energy-balance measures in rodent studies (Coskun et al., Mol Metab, 2018). Phase 3 clinical literature (Frías et al., NEJM, 2021; Jastreboff et al., NEJM, 2022) has examined endpoints relevant to type 2 diabetes and obesity under controlled clinical research protocols. GLP-2 (TZ) remains among the most heavily referenced compounds in incretin-pharmacology research literature; products supplied by Virtus Peptides are for in vitro laboratory research use only, not for human or veterinary use, not for diagnostic, therapeutic, or clinical use, and not intended for consumption or administration.
Frequently Researched Questions
What is GLP-2 (TZ)?
GLP-2 (TZ) is our catalogue name for tirzepatide, a synthetic 39-amino-acid peptide and a dual receptor agonist with concurrent activity at the GIP and GLP-1 receptors. The "2" refers to the number of receptors it engages, following the same convention as GLP-3 (RT), which engages three. It is identified in research literature by the developmental code LY3298176 and is investigated as a research compound in published preclinical and phase 3 clinical work. Virtus Peptides supplies GLP-2 (TZ) as a lyophilized powder strictly for in-vitro laboratory research.
Is GLP-2 (TZ) the same as glucagon-like peptide-2?
No. Glucagon-like peptide-2 is a separate endogenous hormone with its own receptor, and this compound does not act on it. GLP-2 (TZ) is our catalogue name for tirzepatide, where the numeral counts the receptors the molecule engages: the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). For literature searches, use the chemical name "Tirzepatide" or the developmental code "LY3298176".
What is the molecular weight of GLP-2 (TZ)?
GLP-2 (TZ) has a molecular weight of approximately 4,813.5 g/mol, with the molecular formula C₂₂₅H₃₄₈N₄₈O₆₈. The peptide carries a C20 fatty diacid moiety conjugated at lysine-20 through a γ-glutamic acid linker and two AEEA spacer units, which contributes to its albumin-binding profile in research models.
How does GLP-2 (TZ) differ from GLP-3 (RT) and semaglutide?
In comparative receptor pharmacology, semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor monoagonist, GLP-2 (TZ) is a dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist, and GLP-3 (RT) adds a third receptor target: the glucagon receptor. Published work also describes GLP-2 (TZ) as an imbalanced and biased agonist rather than a balanced one, engaging GIPR more strongly than GLP-1R and favoring cAMP signaling over β-arrestin recruitment at GLP-1R (Willard et al., JCI Insight, 2020). Direct head-to-head comparisons across these compounds remain an active area of preclinical and clinical research investigation.
What testing does Virtus Peptides run on GLP-2 (TZ)?
Every batch of Virtus Peptides GLP-2 (TZ) is independently tested by ILS Laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025 accredited) across the full QC panel: purity and quantitation by HPLC, heavy metals by ICP-MS (lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and mercury), bacterial endotoxin by USP <85>, and a rapid microbial screen (DNA microarray). Three vials provide the material required for the complete ILS quality control panel, and two additional vials are each tested for HPLC purity, identity, and net peptide content to evaluate conformity. The full Certificate of Analysis is published in our COA database before any vial ships.
What is the recommended storage temperature for GLP-2 (TZ)?
Lyophilized GLP-2 (TZ) should be stored at −20°C, protected from light, in the original sealed vial. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided as they may compromise peptide integrity. Virtus Peptides release testing does not independently establish product shelf life.
Where can I find published research on GLP-2 (TZ)?
Published peer-reviewed research on this compound is indexed on PubMed under the chemical name "Tirzepatide" and the developmental code "LY3298176"; searching "GLP-2" will instead return work on the unrelated hormone glucagon-like peptide-2. Notable papers include the discovery work by Coskun et al. (Mol Metab, 2018), the receptor-pharmacology characterization by Willard et al. (JCI Insight, 2020), and phase 3 clinical studies by Frías et al. (NEJM, 2021) and Jastreboff et al. (NEJM, 2022).
